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HUBURB
Data Centers & ComputeMaturity: Scaling

Liquid Cooling

Moving heat away from servers using liquid — either cold plates attached to chips or full immersion in a dielectric fluid — instead of moving air.

Why does it matter?

Modern accelerator racks produce more heat per square metre than air can practically remove. Liquid cooling lets operators fit more compute into existing buildings and cut the energy spent on cooling itself.

How does it work?

Coolant circulates through cold plates or a filled tank, absorbs heat directly at the source, and transfers it to a facility water loop or dry cooler outside.

Where is it today?

Direct-to-chip cooling is becoming standard in new high-density builds. Retrofitting older air-cooled halls is the harder and more common problem.

Applications

  • · AI training clusters
  • · High-performance computing
  • · Edge micro data centres

Key challenges

  • · Retrofit complexity in existing facilities
  • · Serviceability and leak risk
  • · Supply chain for manifolds and coolant distribution units

Advantages

  • · Higher rack density
  • · Lower cooling energy
  • · Quieter facilities

Infrastructure required

Facility water loops, coolant distribution units and trained service staff.

Companies working on it

Recent developments

Huburb timeline

  1. Retrofit liquid cooling kit targets air-cooled data centre halls

  2. Data centre campus secures grid interconnection capacity

  3. Cool-climate siting drives a wave of new compute campus plans

Related technologies