Technologies
Evergreen explainers, kept current with recent developments. Each page answers what it is, why it matters, how it works and where it stands today.
AI Agents
AI agents are software systems that use a language model to plan a sequence of steps and then take actions — calling tools, writing files, querying databases — instead of only producing text.
Foundation Models
Large models trained on broad data that can be adapted to many downstream tasks rather than being built for one purpose.
Inference Optimisation
The set of techniques — quantisation, batching, caching, distillation and specialised silicon — that reduce the cost and latency of running a trained model.
Liquid Cooling
Moving heat away from servers using liquid — either cold plates attached to chips or full immersion in a dielectric fluid — instead of moving air.
Humanoid Robots
General-purpose robots with a roughly human form factor, intended to work in spaces built for people rather than in purpose-built cells.
Autonomous Vehicles
Vehicles that perceive their surroundings and drive without a human operator, ranging from robotaxis to yard trucks and delivery pods.
Small Modular Reactors
Nuclear reactors in the roughly 50–300 MW range, built from factory-produced modules rather than assembled entirely on site.
Fusion Energy
Generating power by fusing light atomic nuclei, the same process that powers stars, rather than splitting heavy ones.
Long-Duration Storage
Storage that discharges for ten hours or more — iron-air, flow batteries, thermal and mechanical systems — as opposed to the four-hour lithium standard.
Direct Air Capture
Machinery that pulls carbon dioxide directly out of ambient air for permanent storage or industrial use.
Quantum Computing
Computers that use quantum states to represent and process information, offering exponential speed-ups for a narrow set of problems.
Computational Protein Design
Using machine learning models to predict protein structure and to design new proteins with intended functions.
Earth Observation
Satellite constellations that image and sense the planet continuously, across optical, radar and hyperspectral bands.
Smart Glasses
Eyewear with cameras, microphones, speakers and sometimes a display, used as a hands-free interface to an AI assistant.